Bioengineered Chewing Gum Reduces Cancer-Linked Microbes

A newly developed bioengineered chewing gum significantly reduced levels of microbes associated with head and neck cancers. Extracts from the gum lowered human papillomavirus (HPV) by up to 93% in oral samples. The gum also nearly eliminated two types of bacteria linked to the disease. This research suggests a potential new approach for treating and preventing these cancers.

The research team, led by Henry Daniell of the University of Pennsylvania's School of Dental Medicine, published their findings in *Scientific Reports*. The study utilized oral samples from patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is an aggressive form of cancer that affects the mouth and throat.

The chewing gum was initially made from lablab beans and contained FRIL, a natural antiviral protein. Researchers then engineered the bean gum to include protegrin, an antimicrobial peptide. This peptide targets harmful bacteria without affecting beneficial oral bacteria.

Tests showed that the gum extracts reduced HPV levels by 93% in saliva samples and 80% in oral rinse samples. A single dose of the engineered gum nearly eliminated *Porphyromonas gingivalis* and *Fusobacterium nucleatum*. These bacteria are known to worsen survival rates in oral cancer patients.

This targeted action, which preserves healthy oral flora, contrasts with some existing treatments like radiation therapy. Radiation can reduce beneficial bacteria and promote the growth of disease-causing yeast. Researchers believe this gum could serve as an additional therapy or a preventive measure against infection and transmission.