Scientists have successfully transferred a longevity-related gene from naked mole rats to mice, resulting in healthier mice with extended lifespans. This gene boosts the production of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA). HMW-HA appears to protect against cancer, reduce inflammation, and support healthier aging. The modified mice showed increased resistance to tumors and improved gut health.
Researchers at the University of Rochester conducted the experiment. Naked mole rats are known for their long lifespans and resistance to age-related diseases. They can live up to 41 years, which is nearly ten times longer than other rodents of similar size. These animals also rarely develop cancer or other common age-related conditions.
The study focused on the hyaluronan synthase 2 gene from naked mole rats. This gene is responsible for producing HMW-HA. Naked mole rats possess about ten times more HMW-HA than mice and humans. Previous research indicated that removing HMW-HA from naked mole rat cells increased their susceptibility to tumors.
Genetically modified mice with the naked mole rat gene produced higher levels of HMW-HA in various tissues. These mice exhibited stronger protection against spontaneous tumors and chemically induced skin cancer. They also experienced less inflammation as they aged and maintained better gut health. The median lifespan of these mice increased by approximately 4.4 percent.
This research suggests that longevity mechanisms found in long-lived species can be adapted to improve the health and lifespan of other mammals. Scientists are now exploring ways to apply these findings to humans. This includes investigating methods to slow the breakdown of HMW-HA or increase its production in the human body. Pre-clinical trials are underway to test molecules that slow hyaluronan degradation.
Further research continues to uncover additional longevity mechanisms in naked mole rats. A 2025 study identified a version of the cGAS protein in naked mole rats that enhances DNA repair. These findings collectively indicate that the naked mole rat's exceptional longevity likely stems from multiple protective biological processes, offering various avenues for aging research.
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