Stanford Medicine experts warn that modern cannabis products pose significant health risks for older adults. The potency of today's marijuana is much higher than in past decades. These products can increase the chances of heart problems, falls, memory issues, and dangerous drug interactions. Addiction is also a risk for individuals over 65.
Cannabis use is rising among older Americans. Many older adults use cannabis for chronic pain, insomnia, or anxiety. However, there is no broad medical agreement that cannabis effectively treats these conditions. Federal illegality of marijuana has made some research difficult.
Today's legal cannabis flower averages around 20% tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Some strains contain as much as 35% THC. Oils, edibles, and concentrates can have THC levels approaching 90%. In the 1970s, marijuana typically contained between one and four percent THC. This increased strength may explain a rise in accidental overconsumption among older adults.
Studies link regular cannabis use to cardiovascular disease. This is particularly concerning for older adults, as heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. One research team found that THC triggers inflammation in blood vessels in animal studies. Epidemiological research connects regular cannabis use with a 29% increase in heart attacks and a 20% increase in stroke risk.
Older adults metabolize cannabis more slowly. The drug can stay in the body longer, and its effects may last longer than expected. Slower metabolism also increases the chances of interactions with prescription medications. Cannabidiol (CBD) can interfere with enzymes that break down medications like blood thinners. This can raise drug levels and increase bleeding risk.
Roughly 30% of regular cannabis users may develop cannabis use disorder. This condition is diagnosed based on how strongly the drug affects daily life. Signs include withdrawal symptoms, needing larger doses, or cannabis interfering with relationships and responsibilities. Treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy have shown effectiveness.
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